Kurigalzu

   The name of two noted Kassite rulers of Babylonia. Kurigalzu I (reigned in the late fifteenth century b.c.) was the first of the Kassite rulers to declare himself divine. He established a new capital, Dur-Kurigalzu (modern Aqar Quf), at a site about 18 miles (29 km) west of modern Baghdad, which became an administrative center. The first Kurigalzu expanded the kingdom's diplomatic contacts with foreign lands, including exchanges of gifts with Egypt. He also sent one of his daughters to become part of the harem of the Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep III.

   Kurigalzu II (reigned ca. 1332-1308 b.c.) was placed on the Babylonian throne by the Assyrians, who had recently helped the Kassite monarchy depose a usurper. Kurigalzu, who seems to have been more warlike than most other Kassite monarchs, proceeded to attack the Elamites and defeat them in battle. Later, he turned on and attacked the Assyrians, although he was unable to achieve victory against them. The second Kurigalzu also gained prestige for his building projects, including the restoration of the temple of Inanna at Uruk and the expansion of the new Kas-site city of Dur-Kurigalzu.

   See also: Babylonia; Dur-Kurigalzu; Kassites